The concept of fairness Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The idea of decency - Movie Review Example Lavoie depicts a circumstance when he asked an instructor whether she would have invested some energy disclosing data by and by to the kid with inabilities and she addressed that she wouldn’t have done that, since it would have been uncalled for in regards to other kids. Thus, Lavoie says that she wasn't right in her meaning of decency. Along these lines when a youngster with learning incapacities gets a similar treatment as other kids, the way that educator treats all the kids a similar route is by all accounts out of line and even hostile for the kid. Thus, it would be reasonable if the youngster with inabilities got extraordinary treatment, despite the fact that it might require some investment of gaining from other kids. He guarantees that this idea is significant in light of the fact that the primary standard as indicated by which kids learn is that they take in not from what educators let them know however they gain from what instructors (and guardians) do. Henceforth, L avoie says that an instructor may state that he should treat the youngster with learning incapacities in some uncommon manner, since it is out of line in regards to other kids. Nonetheless, kids see reasonable goes about as those that fulfill the necessities of every single individual, so they to be sure would comprehend why the youngster with handicaps gets exceptional treatment. Accordingly Lavoie advices guardians to be reasonable in this significance. To the extent kids gain from what guardians do, not state, they need to act as per what they advise their kids to do. For instance, if guardians advise their kid not to lie and the following second they lie themselves.

Aluminum or Aluminium Alloys - List

Aluminum or Aluminum Alloys - List An aluminum amalgam is an organization comprising for the most part of aluminum to which different components have been included. The composite is made by combining the components when aluminum is liquid (fluid), which cools to shape a homogeneous strong arrangement. Different components may make up as much as 15 percent of the combination by mass. Included components incorporate iron, copper, magnesium, silicon, and zinc. The expansion of components to the aluminum invigorates the composite improved, usefulness, erosion obstruction, electrical conductivity, as well as thickness, contrasted and the unadulterated metallic component. Aluminum amalgams will in general be lightweight and consumption safe. Rundown of Aluminum Alloys This is a rundown of some significant aluminum or aluminum compounds. AA-8000: utilized for building wire per the National Electrical CodeAlclad: aluminum sheet made by holding high-immaculateness aluminum to a high quality center materialAl-Li (lithium, once in a while mercury)Alnico (aluminum, nickel, copper)Birmabright (aluminum, magnesium)Duralumin (copper, aluminum)Hindalium (aluminum, magnesium, manganese, silicon)Magnalium (5% magnesium)Magnox (magnesium oxide, aluminum)Nambe (aluminum in addition to seven other unknown metals)Silumin (aluminum, silicon)Titanal (aluminum, zinc, magnesium, copper, zirconium)Zamak (zinc, aluminum, magnesium, copper)Aluminum structures other complex amalgams with magnesium, manganese, and platinum Recognizing Aluminum Alloys Amalgams have regular names, yet they might be recognized utilizing a four-digit number. The main digit of the number distinguishes the class or arrangement of combination. 1xxx - Commercially unadulterated aluminum additionally has a four-digit numerical identifier. Arrangement 1xxx combinations are made of 99 percent or higher immaculateness aluminum. 2xxx - The chief alloying component in the 2xxx arrangement is copper. Warmth treating these combinations improves their quality. These composites are solid and extreme, yet not as consumption safe as other aluminum compounds, so they are generally painted or covered for use. The most widely recognized airplane amalgam is 2024. Amalgam 2024-T351 is among the hardest of the aluminum compounds. 3xxx - The primary alloying component in this arrangement is manganese, for the most part with a littler measure of magnesium. The most mainstream composite from this arrangement is 3003, which is functional and respectably solid. 3003 is utilized to make cooking utensils. Combination 3004 is one of the compounds used to make aluminum jars for drinks. 4xxx - Silicon is added to aluminum to make 4xxx combinations. This brings down the dissolving purpose of the metal without making it weak. This arrangement is utilized to make welding wire. Combination 4043 is utilized to make filler composites for welding vehicles and auxiliary components. 5xxx - The chief alloying component in the 5xxx arrangement is magnesium. These amalgams are solid, weldable, and oppose marine erosion. The 5xxx compounds are utilized to make pressure vessels and capacity tanks and for different marine applications. Amalgam 5182 is utilized to make the top of aluminum refreshment jars. Thus, aluminum jars really comprise of at any rate two compounds! 6xxx - Silicon and magnesium are available in 6xxx combinations. The components consolidate to frame magnesium silicide. These compounds are formable, weldable, and heat treatable. They have great consumption obstruction and moderate quality. The most widely recognized combination in this arrangement is 6061, which is utilized to make truck and vessel outlines. Expulsion items from the 6xxx arrangement are utilized in engineering and to make the iPhone 6. 7xxx - Zinc is the chief alloying component in the arrangement beginning with the number 7. The subsequent compound is heat-treatable and solid. Significant amalgams are 7050 and 7075, both used to build airplane. 8xxx s incorporate 8500, 8510, and 8520. 9xxx - Presently, the arrangement beginning with the number 9 is unused. What Is the Strongest Aluminum Alloy? Manganese added to aluminum expands its quality and yields an amalgam with brilliant usefulness and consumption obstruction. The most noteworthy quality combination in the non-heat-treatable evaluation is composite 5052. Aluminum Alloy Classification By and large, the two general classes of aluminum compounds are fashioned amalgams and throwing combinations. Both of these gatherings are partitioned into heat-treatable and non-heat-treatable sorts. Around 85% of aluminum is utilized in fashioned amalgams. Cast combinations are moderately reasonable to deliver in view of their low softening point, yet they will in general have lower elastic qualities than their fashioned partners. Sources Davis, J.R. (2001). Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys. Alloying: Understanding the Basics. pp. 351â€416.Degarmo, E. Paul; Black, J T.; Kohser, Ronald A. (2003). Materials and Processes in Manufacturing (ninth ed.). Wiley. p. 133. ISBN 0-471-65653-4.Kaufman, John Gilbert (2000). Applications for Aluminum Alloys and Tempers. Prologue to aluminum compounds and tempers. ASM International. pp. 93â€94. ISBN 978-0-87170-689-8.

AP Language Essay Examples - What You Need to Know to Succeed

AP Language Essay Examples - What You Need to Know to SucceedIf you have ever had a problem with your school or college, a problem with your honor code, or are currently going through any of these things and want to get back into the good graces of your family, you might need to take a look at what you have and see if there are honor code AP language essay samples that could help you. Many people who are in tough times like this find themselves on the inside looking out, because the decisions they make have drastic effects on everyone in their life. Honesty is something that you have to keep in mind when writing your paper.You might be lucky enough to be able to attend an institution where you will not have to follow the honor code. Many schools, however, enforce a code of conduct, which means that you cannot include certain words, phrases, and information in your paper. There are also many requirements that you must meet as a student before you are even allowed to graduate. With thi s, there is not much room for error.Most of the time, when an individual is searching for work or a better job, they have no clue about what words are considered inappropriate and if they can do them. As a result, it might be that they write things incorrectly and then they face a lot of negative consequences for it. This means that you should only use words that are appropriate and aren't considered bad language by other people around you.An AP Language essay sample can help you by giving you examples of how to go about writing a paper. They are also helpful in reminding you about all of the proper and inappropriate terms that you need to learn. You might want to find some great ways to practice your paper writing skills to help you with your final project.Even though it might seem that the application of an honor code might be difficult to follow, there are several ways to approach it that will help you out. Many individuals with honors are given the opportunity to work in areas w here they may not be able to write. In this case, writing a good paper for such a situation would be a smart idea.It is important to remember that there are so many honors and honor codes that exist throughout the country, and that there are various types of codes that they can fall under. As a result, a good AP language essay sample can give you a way to address the codes and get you to a good starting point. The amount of variety that you can find makes the task of finding them interesting.If you are having a problem with your honor code or you would like to learn more about it, then you need to look at the honor code AP language essay samples that are available. After all, you might just be surprised by what you find.

There Are Several Similarities Between Aristotle And...

There are several similarities between Aristotle and Confucius on the concept of friendship. Both viewed friendship as a relationship between virtuous and trustworthy friends who understand each other s character. According to Aristotle and Confucius, virtue is essential when friends are able to share their lives with one another during the time of fortune and misfortunes. For this leads them to live happily, joyfully, and harmoniously as friends. Aristotle posited that, â€Å"The perfect form of friendship is that between good men who are alike in excellence or virtue† ( Nicomachean Ethics VIII. ch.3(1156b(10). Confucius, agreed with Aristotle, as the Analects says â€Å"Virtue is never left to stand alone; he who has it always have†¦show more content†¦ch.3). Friends will be there for one another - encouraging, correcting, and supporting each other with love and care. And this is how everyone is supposed to live in society. A sincere and truthful friendship bu ilt in virtue leads to an honest, good life. The author Vernon said friendship brings a happy life to both parties (â€Å"The Philosophy of Friendship†). A good friendship brings love, peace, joy, and justice not only for each friend but also for society. Friends enjoy a sincere and faithful companionship. Wei Tu said trust between friends is sustained by a long lasting commitment that aims to mutual flourishing (Slote 128). In order to have a true friendship, one has to commit himself or herself to truthfulness in words and actions. A perfect friendship brings forth harmony, peace, love, and justice during someone’s life and allows society to flourish. There also are some differences between the two traditions. For, Aristotle’s list of groups of people whom we are inclined to love, and Confucius’ three types of friends. For Aristotle these groups of friends based their relationships more on human feelings and on virtue rather than on practical actions as it is for Confucius. â€Å"TheShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Aristotle s The Golden Mean 1109 Words   |  5 PagesPart 3 - Aristotle - The Golden Mean Aristotle was a greek philosopher that taught and stressed many important and revolutionary ideas/philosophies. He was born in 384 BC, and was a student of Plato, as well as founded/ taught at several academies. He wrote on diverse subjects, including physics, metaphysics, poetry, logic, politics, government, and ethics. He contributed to almost every field of human knowledge in existence during his time, and he was the founder of many new fields. Aristotle was oneRead MoreBranches of Philosophy8343 Words   |  34 PagesTraditional branches are cosmology and ontology. †¢ Epistemology is concerned with the nature and scope of knowledge, and whether knowledge is possible. Among its central concerns has been the challenge posed by skepticism and the relationships between truth, belief, and justification. †¢ Ethics, or moral philosophy, is concerned with questions of how persons ought to act or if such questions are answerable. The main branches of ethics are meta-ethics, normative ethics, and applied ethics.Read MoreWorld History AP8768 Words   |  36 Pagesdestructive and oppressive. 4. Do you think that the classical empires hold â€Å"lessons† for the present, or are contemporary circumstances sufficiently unique as to render the distant past irrelevant? †¢ This question can be answered successfully from several perspectives, although in order to argue that the classical empires are irrelevant a student would have to address the arguments made in the Reflections section of the text. †¢ A student might focus on the cultural memory of empires being used inRead MoreImportance of Ethics in Business as an Academic Discipline8970 Words   |  36 Pagesthe establishment by senior management of an ethical business culture.† And, â€Å"Another clear message of the survey is that ethical leadership from the top is the key to reducing corporate malfeasance.† Considering the ethical failures in the last several years and the resulting crisis in confidence, a sincere commitment to creating and sustaining an ethical business culture in public and private sectors has never been more important. It is important that each individual feels personally ethically

Is Your Chocolate the Result of Unfair Exploitation of...

Case Study #1: Please refer to Mini Case Mini-Case â€Å"Is Your Chocolate the Result of Unfair Exploitation of Child Labor?† 1. Should labor practices in another country be a relevant consideration in international trade? Why or why not? Yes, labor practices in another country should be relevant for consideration in international trade. The reason for concern is labor and social advocates has increased imports from countries in which labor standards are apparently not enforced at an adequately high level. It’s important to have labor restrictions and eliminate unfavorable wages and poor working conditions in the developed importing countries. The low labor cost in developing countries is the result of poorly†¦show more content†¦The set price will make the producers comply with the standard costs and which will be beneficial to the consumer at the end. Businesses will need to follow the standards and pledge that no child will experience slave labor in their work and production of products. If Business does not follow the practices we can boycott the products. Business should be investigate d and held accountable. For the consumer to only purchase fair trade products until the item becomes a fair trade product. As consumers we can look at labels, be more aware of fair trade products. We can talk with our local grocery companies, coffee shops, and look for the fair trade products. 3. How would international trade theorists view the fair-trade movement? Fair trade was supported by people who believed that there were inherent flaws in the capitalistic system and trading system around the world (Handmade Expressions) There are four fair trade labeling organizations developed by FINE, informal association: Fair trade International, World Trade Org, Network of European World shops and European Fair Trade Association (Fair Trade International site). Fair trade is a market reactive system that wants to abolish global inhumane acts from child labor, poor working environments, low wages, and healthy working conditions. Fair Trade does not control the prices at a local level the producersShow MoreRelatedCase Study Illy Cafe3052 Words   |  13 Pagesseveral companies located in North America, France, Germany, Spain and Benelux. Product Illy serves coffee to its customers. They insist on the fact that there are not selling basic coffees but the one which is a result of Scientifics’ research. They want to serve the best coffee due to a result of a long experience, knowledge of coffee biology and chemistry, very good skill at roasting, enabling technologies, and also a family’s entrepreneurial passion. They are also selling products which fit to theRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesphotocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designationsRead MoreMarketing Management 14th Edition Test Bank Kotler Test Bank173911 Words   |  696 Pagesnegative demand E) unwholesome demand Answer: D Page Ref: 8 Objective: 2 AACSB: Analytic skills Difficulty: Moderate 14) People in emerging countries today are becoming increasingly health conscious and are seeking healthy food choices. As a result, demand for health foods is rising steadily, creating an opportunity for marketers to exploit this ________ market. A) demographic B) business C) need D) geographic E) service Answer: C Page Ref: 8 Objective: 2 AACSB: Analytic skills Read MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagesshould be addressed to the publisher Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone: ( 44) 1865 843830, fax: ( 44) 1865 853333, e-mail: permissions@elsevier.co.uk. You may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevier homepage (www.elsevier.com), by selecting ‘Customer Support’ and then ‘Obtaining Permissions’ British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library LibraryRead MoreGsk Annual Report 2010135604 Words   |  543 Pages208 210 211 212 Underlying sales growth excludes pandemic products, Avandia and Valtrex. See page 21. CER% represents growth at constant exchange rates. Sterling % or  £% represents growth at actual exchange rates. See page 21. The calculation of results before major restructuring is described in Note 1 to the ï ¬ nancial statements, ‘Presentation of the ï ¬ nancial statements’. GSK Annual Report 2010 01 We exist to improve the quality of human life by enabling people to do more, feel better and

Is there life on Mars free essay sample

â€Å"Are we alone?† is a very big question that people usually wonder when they look at the sky since thousands years ago. With that question, we have created a lot of movies, novels, stories, about UFOs, aliens and life in those stars above. Nowadays, with the highly development of science and technology, human are on their way to find out the answer for this question. Scientists have found many planets which have the potential to support life. However, it is the Earth’s neighbor, Mars, which has the biggest chance that life may exist on. In my opinion, I think we still have to go a long road to answer the question: â€Å"Is there life on Mars?† Mars is the fourth planet of the Solar System. It is the nearest planet to Earth. Therefore, there are many similarities between two planets. For example, according to BBC (n.d.), Mars has the surface with mountains, valleys, volcanoes and the atmosphere above it; Mars moves around the Sun so it also has day, night and seasonal cycle which is similar to Earth. We will write a custom essay sample on Is there life on Mars ? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They also stated that Mars has 2 moons which are Phobos and Demois (BBC n.d.). So Mars is considered as the most likely place where the evidence of life can be found. Throughout history, there were many evidences which were given to prove that there is life on Mars. Those proof mainly focus on the fundamental requirements for life: Water and atmosphere. Water is one of the most important elements which form life. In short, no water no life. Fortunately, the researchers from Discovery Channel (n.d.) have pointed out that Mars has a watery past. According to Discovery Channel (n.d.), great rivers, lakes or even oceans have existed on Mars. Another important element is methane gas. Kenneth Chang (2013) stated that methane is the sign for the appearance of microbes, which means organism and life on Mars. From the telescopes on Earth and pictures from satellites on Mars, scientists came to a very important result that they have found plumes of methane on Mars’s atmosphere (Euronews 24 September 2013). Moreover, according to Theguardian (Thursday 29 August 2013), Professor Steven Benner, a leading geochemist, has argued that life on Earth has the origin from Mars because an important element to the origin of life has been found on the surface of the Red Planet. They believe that life may be started on Mars and came to Earth on a meteorite (Theguardian Thursday 29 August 2013). Those evidences above make many peoples excited and hopefully that they can come to live on Mars someday. However, with the development of science and technology,  scientist has performed more research about Mars with many modern space craft s. From that, some surprise facts have been revealed. Firstly, it is about the water on this planet. We all knew that Mars used to be a watery planet. However, according to Discovery Channel (n.d.), it has become a cool and dry planet because Viking- the first lander on Mars found no sign of liquid water on the surface of it. Discovery Channel (n.d.) stated that Mars has water vapor in its air but because of the thin atmosphere, water vapor becomes unstable and the rain cannot happen. They also claims that lots of water has turned into ice (Discovery Channel n.d.). The huge ocean that used to appear on Mars has become vast frozen sea that lies under the surface. If we can heat Mars from inside it, the ice may melts and we will have water. Unfortunately, we cannot. Because of those reasons, Mars has no water on it desert-like surface. Without water, nothing can lives on this planet. The second problem is the lack of methane gas on Mars. As we have known, methane has been observed on Mars by scientists since 2003. In 2011, they sent a spacecraft which named Curiosity to make sure about this theory. According to Euronews (24 September 2013), the rover has a mission in 2 years in order to search for signs of life on the Red Planet and to help us know more about it. However, in the latest news, they announced a fact which surprised many researchers: there is no methane on Mars (Euronews 24 September 2013). This has reduced the chance that life could exist on Mars because methane is a very important element that forms life. According to Kenneth Chang (2013), with this conclusion, some scientists have more proofs for their point. For example, Professor Sushil K. Atreya from University of Michigan said that there is no evidence for any life process on Mars and methane just was not there (Kenneth Chang 2013). There is an assumption that can explains the failure of Curiosity. Like the scientist used to say, long time ago, methane was once existed on the Red Planet. However, the powerful ultraviolet light of the Sun and the chemical reaction in the atmosphere have destroyed it (Kenneth Chang 2013). The methane molecule has broken apart, disappeared for many centuries and so was the life on Mars (Kenneth Chang 2013). Thirdly, the environment and atmosphere on Mars are not suitable for human. Mars may be the most similar planet to Earth in the Solar System, but the condition on it is still far different from Earth. The distance between Mars and Sun is much further than Earth so the temperature  of Mars is also much lower. According to Bob the Aliens Tour of the Solar System (n.d.), it can increases or decreases very quickly between -133 ââ€" ¦C and 55ââ€" ¦Ã¢â€" ¦C and the average is only -63ââ€" ¦C. At -133ââ€" ¦C, even the toughest people from Alaska cannot survive. We also cannot breath on Mars because the atmosphere in here is full of the poisonous gas Carbon dioxide (Bob the Aliens Tour of the Solar System n.d.). Furthermore, this atmosphere is just 1% as thick as Earth (Discovery Channel n.d.). On our planet, the very thick atmosphere prevents the ultraviolet rays from the Sun so it can not harm us. We are very lucky because according to (Bob the Aliens Tour of the Solar System n.d.) this very dangerous light can cause skin cancer. On the other hand, with the thin atmosphere on Mars, we will be grilled on the surface of it. Another problem is the gravity. According to Discovery Channel (n.d.), the gravity of Mars is about 38% of Earth’s, which is very weak. There is no conclusion yet but the scientist think that this weak gravity may has bad effect on the muscles and bones of human (Discovery Channel n.d.). It seem like the condition on Mars is terrible for human. There are still many peoples who are protecting their point about life on Mars because they have their own reasons because. According to Kenneth Chang (2013), the absence of methane does not mean Mars did not have life because many organisms on Earth do not produce methane gas. Besides, Discovery Channel (n.d.) also adds that we can grow plants and foods in the green house on Red Planet based on the high rate of Carbon Dioxide in the atmosphere and the long daylight time. This solution can helps the atmosphere becomes thicker. Therefore, there will be more oxide, more water and less ultraviolet rays on the surface of Mars. In conclusion, life may exist on Mars in the past or in the future. However, at the moment, with many reliable evidences about water, atmosphere, methane gas, environment, we can conclude that there is no life on Mars.

Legality Of Abortion Essays - Abortion In The United States

Legality of Abortion Abortion must be a legal and attainable procedure for women throughout the United States. Abortion is a subject which easily fits into the themes of CORE 1. Abortion pertains to many issues which are involved in CORE 1. CORE 1 analyzes civil rights as well as equal treatment for women in America. Abortion challenges the civil rights of the mother and the fetus which she bears. To deny abortion is denying the mother certain civil rights, but if the fetus is considered a person, then the rights of the fetus are being denied by allowing abortion to be legal. Abortion has been an element of human life for centuries. It dates back to BC times. Ancient abortions usually consisted of mildly poisoning a pregnant mother. The poison was hoped to be just strong enough to kill the fetus, yet mild enough to keep the woman alive. Also, sometimes women would receive physical blows to their abdomen an effort to kill the fetus. Since both of these methods were very dangerous for women, infanticide wa s a much more popular form of abortion. Infanticide is grossly just the killing of the baby directly after birth (3 Gilbert). J. Gilbert, the author of an informative Texas state web-page, states that some time after 1750, a new procedure was introduced to abortion. The new procedure consisted of probing objects through the cervix and into the uterus of the women to accomplish the abortion (4 Gilbert). Laurence Tribe, author of Abortion: The Clash of Absolutes, states that the court case Roe v. Wade revolutionized the legality of abortion. The case set boundaries and regulations illustrating how much power the mother and state possess in deciding whether to abort a pregnancy (12 Tribe). During the past twenty-five years abortion has become one of the most debated controversies in the Unite States' history. The issues surrounding abortion strike questions based on ethics, morals, emotions, and law. There are many alternative perspectives from which people can approach the legality an d morality of abortion. But basically there are pro-life people and pro-choice people. People who are pro-choice believe that women hold the right to abort a pregnancy, but people who are pro-life believe that abortion is wrong and unjust to the fetus. When pondering issues surrounding abortion, many questions come to mind. Is a fetus a human being? Is abortion physically and mentally safe for women? And finally, should abortion be legal? It is only after exploring these questions can a person justify their position on abortion. A major question which strikes at the heart of abortion legality and morality is: When is an embryo considered a life or human being? Many people argue that life begins at the point of conception. Bonnie Steinbock, an author who considers herself an expert on fetuses and their legal rights, says, "Conception is the joining of the male and female sex cells which have twenty-three chromosomes each." The process of conception takes twelve hours, at which time t he egg is completely fertilized and becomes known as a zygote. Distinct and unique characteristics of a person are determined at the time of conception. After the time of conception, until death, nothing will be added or removed from the genetic make-up of an individual (200 Steinbock). In other words, everything physically and chemically is determined shortly after the point of conception. Being alive means that an object grows, develops, and matures. A zygote, from the time of conception grows, develops parts of its body, and replaces its own dying cells. The heart of the zygote begins beating just eighteen days after conception (198 Steinbock). This is often well before the mother even realizes that she is pregnant. After three months, all of the fetus's organs are formed and all of the bodily systems are working. The fetus can swim, grasp a pointer, move freely in the womb, and excrete urine. If a doctor injects a sweet solution into the fluid surrounding the fetus, the fetus wi ll swallow it because it likes the taste. If a bitter solution is injected, the fetus will realize the taste and quit swallowing (196 Steinbock). The previous examples are evidence enough that life begins at conception, or at

Analysis Of The Reasons Of Democratization

Analysis Of The Reasons Of Democratization In general, the reasons of democratization shift in different countries. Samuel P. Huntington raises five main elements to explain his points of view. The author would like to examine how these five factors resulted in the democratization in South Korea and are the exclusive reasons. Besides, does China have difficulty to become a democratic country only because it lacks of these five conditions? Infection results: it means when the other countries start to call for the democracy, the countries nearby would be affected and the citizens would appeal to their government to reform and therefore forms the domino effect. For instance, the third wave in East Europe in 1990’s and the fourth wave democratization in North Africa in 2011. The collapse of the authoritarian government: when the current regime couldn’t provide the basic need of its people and maintain the order of the politics, civilians will call for the reform and even the revolution to rebuild the democratic reg ime. The collapse of USSR is one of the examples and we can see that due to its serious problem brought by the economic recession. The growth of economic system: the notion of the liberalism indicates that the boost in economic growth will create the richer middle-class which would ask for the opportunities of getting involved in politics. In this kind of situation, the social mobilization and the information will become faster to decrease the legitimacy of the authoritarian government. South Korea and Taiwan belong to this part. The choice of political leaders: one of the crucial keys come from the elites of the ruling classes, especially when the leaders become aware of the transition of the environment makes the democracy is the only cure to maintain the current regime. For instance, the former President of South Africa Frederik Willem de Klerk leaded South Africa to a democratic country. Influence of actors outside of the country: the impact of actions from foreign organizations or countries would construct the pressure to the autocratic regime. For example, the collapse of the Philippine of Marcos regime. The reasons for South Korea’s democratization The reasons for South Korea’s democratization are extensive and diversified. We can take our points of view from different angles including economic growth, social structure, political culture and the transition of history. The theory of Huntington elaborate the overall structure enables us to relate different events happened in South Korea to the factors of democratization. The author would like to use Huntington theory as the main stream to explain the reasons of democratization. We can general discover some of the elements of the theory of Huntington are the main reasons to give an impetus to the democratization but some are not. Economic growth is not necessary to become the direct element to democratization of South Korea Just like Huntington mentioned in his book of the third wave, â€Å" An overall correlation exists between the level of economic development and democracy have no level or pattern of economic development is in itself either necessary or sufficient to bring about democratization.†Ã‚   [ 1 ]   We can conclude from most of the third wave countries that the success of the democratization of third countries that there will be mass middle-class emerging before the formal democratization. This could be proved by the countries in the third wave are mostly the higher developing countries.   [ 2 ]   However, the GDP growth rate in South Korea in 1960 -1980’s is averagely 8.5-8.9%   [ 3 ]   , which is higher than lots of Latin American countries. But the time of democratization in South Korea was later than Latin American countries. This is explained by Huntington in his article in 1984 that he thought this is an exception.   [ 4 ]   To conclude, Huntington pointed out there might be two reasons; the first one is the tradition Confuci anism emphasize the structure of the social levels, authority, community, and loyalty which postponed the society’s requests of democracy, and the second reason is because the rapid economic growth happened in a relatively equal income distribution environment. However, when it reached the critical point in 1980’s, it forced South Korea to begin its democratization.   [ 5 ]

Fiscal Policy and Its Implications in Belgium Assignment

Fiscal Policy and Its Implications in Belgium - Assignment Example The government may also choose to increase its own spending and with this, jobs are created, an element that lowers the unemployment rate. Briefly, Fiscal policy is a major driver of the nation’s economic performance. Government spending would include the purchase of goods and services. Since it has the power to lower or rise, real GDP It qualifies to be a fiscal policy tool. The government can influence economic output if it adjusts its spending. Apart from the effect of government spending on the economy, it also affects businesses dealing with goods and services bought by the government thus multiplying through the economy (Moller, 52). The GDP may be stimulated if consumers spend the paychecks they earn from their businesses. When those dealing with government vehicles receive large orders, their sales tend to increase. This makes them hire more employees who in turn earn paychecks from the companies. The employees then spend this money on goods and services thus increasing spending, leading to a much greater result. This effect is called the multiplier effect. The changes that occur in taxes affect the average consumer income, and changes in consumption leading to changes in real GDP. These make it a fiscal policy tool. The government can influence economic output by adjusting taxes. They can be changed in several ways, and these include raising or lowering marginal taxes. Secondly, the tax rules can be modified or eliminated (Modigliani & Johnson 34). These include social security, welfare or unemployment checks. On a monthly basis, the checks go out all over the country thus serving as the income for millions of consumers. As in taxes, changes in transfer payments also leads to changes in consumer income. When consumers spend most of their income, they influence the economic output. These three tools are the ones that the government mostly administers to the economy to help it in the short term.

Assessing the outcomes of generation-y customers loyalty Literature review

Assessing the outcomes of generation-y customers loyalty - Literature review Example In response, banks have developed both offensive and defensive strategies in a bid to strengthen customer loyalty to their brands. Nonetheless, it is imperative to the players in the banking sector to note that development and maintenance of customer loyalty is the basis for increased profits because it leads to repeat patronage, positive word of mouth and less sensitivity to prices. The implication is that customer loyalty is a major determinant of profitability and the market share (Jumaev, Kumar & Hanaysha, 2012). Banks can only achieve customer loyalty if they are aware of some of the factors that are crucial for customer satisfaction and customer loyalty (Jumaev, Kumar & Hanaysha, 2012). Moreover, studies also show that customer loyalty is a subject of the particular type of the market segments. The youth generation is an important segment that has been much attention from the banking sector and they are fondly known as Generation Y because the young people exhibit unique buying powers based on their incomes (Castells, 2013). Since there is always a major competition for the older customers, banks are now shifting their focus to the younger people with appropriate strategies to retain them and also develop a strong loyalty to their brands. The particular focus on Generation Y is also triggered by the fact that they constitute a bigger percentage of the population of the developed countries. On the other hand, reaching customers at younger ages leads to strong relationships with the organization. Therefore, it is imperative to study the dynamics and elements that influence loyalty and satisfaction of the Generation Y through a search of the existing literature. The banking sector having been faced with fierce competition has witnessed numerous efforts for gaining competitive advantage (Delis, 2012). One of the common strategies with the most banks today

Greenwashing in Media Essay -- Ethical Issues, Misleading Customers

Research ProjectGreenwashing in Media In this day and age companies have mastered the technique of misleading customers by fabricating false claims about a green product or service that they swear to provide. This insincere display of information is called ‘Greenwashing’, a spin-off of ‘Whitewashing’. Greenwashing could be said to be a global phenomenon and it’s commonly seen in advertisements, on products packing, websites, emails, speeches, and videos (just to name a few). Greenwashing is a thought out process, a planned and typically well designed campaign. There is a wide range of reasons why companies are eager to partake in greenwashing; divert attention for regulatory change, to persuade critics or consumers, expand the company's market, and to make the company seem appealing. The goal of this paper is to provide three examples of ‘greenwashing’ and to relate these examples to Downing et al. concepts. To help further explain these misleading claims, a well recognized company by the media is called Terrachoice. â€Å"The Terrachoice Environment Marketing Consulting practice converts knowledge of markets, science and marketing into winning, client-centered solutions to help sustainability leaders deliver results† (â€Å"The "six sins," 2007). Terrachoice has conducted a study of the â€Å"Environmental Claims in North American Consumer Markets† and found shocking results that made them want to give warning to potential consumers about the ‘six sins of greenwashing. The Terrachoice Company was designed to improve the communication between the purchasers and consumers, helping to enhance, strengthen, and prove market relationship. Companies that carry out greenwashing commonly use the words, ‘green’, ‘energy efficient’, and ‘clean’ to expo... ...efit† (p. xx). More and more individuals will run into greenwashing ads from the news to even advertising; however it’s important to recognize the exaggeration, persuasiveness and omission of information in these ads. It’s evident that any form of media is filled with manipulation; pulling the perception, actions, fears, desires, and values out of the consumer. In our text Downing et al. begins saying, â€Å"empiricist communications research†¦are concerned more with questions, problems, and perspectives than with the mere recitation of detailed facts. Indeed, critical scholars would argue that facts by themselves are impossible to interpret if they are not placed into some model or theory about how the media and society work† (xxviii). I think this sums up why we all should be critical in a positive manner, and should use the theories that help us analyze media material.

Alcoholic drinking age should be lowered to 18 in the U.S

The drinking age in the United States can be considered as a controversial issue because people possess a dubious attitude in legalities of drinking age. In 1980 the minimum age of drinking in the United States was raised from 18 to 21.The intent was to reduce the consumption rates of alcohols and drunken driving among young adults. Age-21 law was implemented at that time and the sale of alcohol to the underage was strictly prohibited (Wiseto Social Issues).These laws are strictly implemented but teenagers are continuing to buy alcohol and drink illegally with fake identification cards. The law is implemented in the United States but it hasn’t stopped underage individuals to stop drinking. Researches and many individuals have stressed on the fact that drinking age must be lowered to 18 in the United States. In this paper we will discuss the arguments that are in favor of lowering the age limit from 21 to 18.Young adults should be allowed to drink in controlled environments lik e pubs, official functions, taverns etc. Their legal drinking age must be lowered to 19 or 18 and through controlled environment the phenomenon of responsible drinking can be taught. Role modeling and educational programs must be initiated and through these programs a sensible drinking behavior can be expected from young adults.There are many factors like seat belt and air bag usage, education concerning drink oriented programs etc that are responsible for driving problems and accidents during driving. Purchase age is not always responsible for driving problems and accidents during driving.An individual who is 18 years old in America possess the right to marry, the right to vote etc. That is the reason why drinking age must be lowered to 18 because an 18 year old individual is considered to be an adult in United States because 18 is the legal age of adulthood in United States. Dan Levine stresses on the point that an 18 year old individual can serve the military then why he or she c annot drink. Dan Levine states that â€Å"If you can toss a grenade, you should certainly be able to toss back a shot of tequila† (Wiseto Social Issues).People who are 18 years old must be legally allowed to drink and buy alcohol because this would reduce the element of binge drinking (Wechsler and Wuethrich).Through this approach teenagers would not break the law and this would indulge them in adult beverage. The legal age of drinking in every country except United States is 18 or younger. Every year millions of dollars are spent on twenty one year old drinking law and this law is promoted and enforced by the government (Kirk) that could be saved.A Michigan research suggests that in the year 2006, 72.2% of the twelfth graders were reported to drink alcohol at some point in time in their lives. The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse claimed that the 20% of the alcohol revenues come from underage drinking.   Similarly, they added that the amount of alcohol cons umed individuals of 21 years and above have remained constant for about forty years (Aretha).In the United States most of the teenagers consume alcohol for the sole purpose of getting drunk. It must be used as a compliment to a meal but teenagers don’t follow this attribute of alcohol. Binge drinking in the United States is getting famous and people are adopting this dangerous habit in which they have unsupervised environments which can be a deadly problem for these young adults.The standards that are set for drinking in the United States have not stopped teenagers from drinking alcohol. Alcohol misuse in the country shows increasing trends and researchers suggest that out of four nearly one full time medical student nationwide met the medical threshold for substance abuse (Brown).Many people in the United States believe that lowering the drinking age is not a viable option because it would actually result in drunken driving fatalities. This might be considered as a truth bec ause a huge number of people are killed in United States because of drunk drivers but United States claims that it has the safest roads in the world. Moreover, 69% of the accidents are from individual who are 21 or above (Merino).

Effects of Humans Dependence on Technology - 1310 Words

Human’s dependence on technology to store and hold information for them leads to the decline of the human memory. Personal devices are changing the way humans remember information around them, and this is greatly impacting the quality of the human memory. Declarative memory, which is memory associated with facts and knowledge, is the type of memory that is troubled by technology, more specifically, by the internet. In modern society, when individuals are confronted with a question, they do not try to recall information in order to solve the problem; but rather turn to the internet for the answer. Individuals no longer try to learn from the information they already know, but rather quickly pick up the information online. Internets easy access from personal devices, such as cellphones and laptops, promotes individuals to use these devices as an external brain that thinks for you. Since individuals have become more reliant on the internet to solve their daily head-scratcher ques tions, this promotes individuals to rely on the internet to hold the answers as well. Research was directed by psychologist Betsey Sparrow to study the effects of search engines on the human memory. One of the experiments consisted of asking subjects to remember certain facts. More interestingly, half the subjects were told that the fact would be saved on a computer, while the other half were told the fact would be typed and then erased. The results demonstrated that individuals, who knew theShow MoreRelatedAddiction to Technology1174 Words   |  5 Pageslog in late at night? If you answered â€Å"often† or â€Å"always,† technology may be taking a toll on you (Parker). Technology is merely a way of life to society today. It is fused into everyday life and is constantly linked to basic human affairs. Technology impacts other topics such as consumption, the environment, popular culture, education, and the media. Although the world needs certain technology devices to handle difficult tasks that humans alone cannot; cellphones, televisions, and computers are causingRead MoreThe Time Machine, And The Machine Stops By. Forster1526 Words   |  7 Pagestoday. Written during the Industrial Revolution, a time where technology and human innovation was at one of its highest points in recent history, both stories explore the possible effects of the machinery that was becoming evermore present. Both authors present aspects such as omnipotent technology, decaying human independence, and destruction of real communication, to create the artistic statement that complacency is rising within the human race, and that complacency will eventually lead to the fallRead MoreFossil Fuels : The World s Primary Energy Source952 Words   |  4 Pagescause respiratory and heart conditions. 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Written during the Industrial Revolution, a time where technology and human innovation was at one of its highest points in recent history, both stories explore the possible effects of the machinery that was becoming evermore present. Both authors p resent aspects such as omnipotent technology, decaying human independence, and destruction of real communication, to create the artistic statement that complacency is rising within the human race, and that complacency will eventually lead to the fallRead MoreThe Problem Of Internet Addiction1221 Words   |  5 PagesIn the modern day, technology surrounds every human in one form or another. Whether it be from televisions, phones, or computers, it is clear that technology affects the lives of the human population as well. This effect from technology has in some ways crippled humanity since we need technology more as a crutch than as a tool. A prime example of dependence on a source of technology is the use of the internet. People from all over the world depend on the internet for their everyday needs ranging

Ethics in Public Health Essay - 1212 Words

In the last three decades HIV/ AIDS has become the one of the most notorious and widely spread diseases in the modern world. Its discovery in the late seventies prompted worldwide concern. The one thing that has become the most bothersome thing about the HIV/ AIDS epidemic is prevention. Prevention or stopping the transmission of the diseases is hindered by factors such as: denial or non-acceptance by infected persons, unsafe sex, and non-disclosure by infected persons to their at risk sexual partner(s). According to Alghazo, Upton, and Cioe (2011): Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) the precursor to Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is prevalent in the United States. The October 2008 Center for Disease Control (CDC) Morbidity†¦show more content†¦In medicine one of the things every patient is entitled to, no matter what, is their privacy. Since ancient times the privacy between a doctor and a patient has been somewhat of sacred thing. The patient has the right to release their health information to whomever they please. Even for doctors to access a patient’s medical history there has to be consent from the patient. In Mair’s article she reports about the case PD v Harvey in which PD upon asking for her future husband’s (FH) HIV test results was denied access because of lack of consent from FH. FH because of his right to confidentiality, despite having the disease, was able to lie and forge a pathology report which reported his HIV status as negative and in turn PD was lead to believe that FH actually received a negative result. If PD had been allowed the right to view the positive result or maybe even if the doctors would have taken into consideration her well-being PD could have avoided being infected (2009). Before testing a patient for HIV/AIDS a doctor should consult the patient in this consultation the patient should be educated about the disease, the testing process, and actions to be taken upon a positive result, including disclosure to sexualShow MoreRelatedEthics And Public Health Ethics851 Words   |  4 Pagesdistinguishable differences between medical ethics and public health ethics. Medical ethics pertain primarily to the individual that is involved in the care paradigm (Coleman, Bouà «sseau, Reis, Capron, 2007). Public health ethics, by contrast, are focused primarily on the health of the population as a whole. The American Public Health Association has published its own code of public health ethics that it felt most appropriately provided guiding p rinciples to the public health sector (Thomas, Sage, DillenbergRead MoreThe Ethics Of Public Health863 Words   |  4 PagesWhen it comes to the ethic of public health and medical health, they hold two totally different definitions. The ethics of public health is when the focus is more on the freedoms of privacy and actions, as long as they do not harm others.â€Å"In public health ethics, autonomy, the right of privacy, and freedom of action are recognized in so far as they do not result in harm to others† (Williams Torrens, 2008). 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In each one of these fields, there is a certain code of ethics that must be lived and maintained, by the engineer themselves. There are lists of the different ethics models, but to list a few: there is Rule-Based Utilitarianism, Duty Ethics, Rights Ethics, Virtue Ethics, and the NCEES ethical code. All of these individual codes clearly states, and sets guidelines for the engineers to follow and live by. These ethics set the standard and obligations that engineers and their partnersRead More Codes of Ethics in Health Care Essay995 Words   |  4 Pagesprovide a procedure if a code violation occurs. Medical ethics began as a professional code for physicians and has now expanded and includes a variety of health care professions and health care organizations. The growth of medical knowledge and technology have grown so have the concerns that ethical standards and issues facing our society today may be compromised or not appropriately addressed (Littleton et al., 2010). 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Herpes Simplex 1 Symptoms Natural Treatment - 656 Words

There is a old misconception Herpes Simplex 1 only infects above the belt by manifesting as cold sores. Herpes Type 2 was previously considered below the belt and caused genital lesions. However, the medical profession has found oral-genital contact can spread either, so that types of herpes have become virtually insignificant. Lets define herpes. It is very contagious. It is transmitted by bodily fluids. Proper hand washing precautions should be taken to keep the virus from a cold sore from spreading to the genitals. The first time herpes symptoms appear is called the primary occurrence and it worse than recurring outbreaks. Symptoms generally occur within 4-7 days after contact. Initial symptoms are burning, chronic itch or tingling. In a couple of days, pimply sores pop up on reddish skin. Later, the pimples metamorphose into agonizing blisters. When the blisters burst, they secrete blood and yellowish pus. Approximately a week after the first symptoms, scabs form, which signals healing has begun. While it is rare, it is possible for Herpes to spread to the eyes. This requires the speedy attention of a medical professional. A person can be infected and not know it. Symptoms may not show for some time following contact, yet the person can still be contagious. This is because viral shedding occurs during the tingling stage. Of course, people who have active lesions shed the virus and are contagious. What are Natural Treatments for Herpes Simplex 1?Show MoreRelatedHerpes Virus : Herpes Simplex Virus1336 Words   |  6 PagesHerpes Introduction Herpes is a highly contagious viral infection with a family of eight different types of viruses that affect the human body. There is herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1) or the HHV1, which targets the facial area with cold sores on the lips. Additionally, there is herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV2) or the HHV2, which is known to cause a sexually transmitted disease known as genital herpes. Another one is the varicella-zoster virus (HHV3) which has been linked to chickenpox. Apart from chickenpoxRead MoreHerpes Type Of Herpes Simplex Virus1742 Words   |  7 PagesHerpes is a highly contagious viral infection with the family of eight different types of virus that affect the human body. There are (HHV1) which is also known as herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1). This type target the facial area with cold sores on the lip of the mouth. Also, there is (HHV2) that is refer to as herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV2) which typically causes genital herpes, a sexually transmitted infection. Another is (HHV3) that i s called varicella-zoster virus. HHV3 causes chickenpox. It canRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Herpes Viruses3545 Words   |  15 Pagesmake something clear. There are two types of herpes viruses. HSV-1 is the type that usually causes cold sores or fever blisters around your mouth. HSV-2 is the type that commonly causes genital herpes. The virus spreads through sexual contact and skin-to-skin contact. HSV-2 is very common and highly contagious, whether or not you have an open sore (Aurelius, p. 3). Genital Herpes is more commonly caused by HSV-2 but is known to be caused by HSV-1. Oral Herpes is known to be caused by both variationsRead MoreCase Study-Herpes Zoster981 Words   |  4 PagesCase Study on Herpes Zoster Case Study on Herpes Zoster History of Present Illness: This is a case of a 27 year old Asian female who came to the clinic complaining of pain on her right hand. She states that it feels like â€Å"pins and needles going up to my arm† She denies fever but states that she feels body malaise. She claims to have slight loss of appetite because of the pain. Pain level is about 7-8/10, occurs continuously and is temporarily relieved by Tylenol 500 mg. She noted the appearanceRead MoreHerpes Simplex Virus3293 Words   |  14 PagesHerpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection at the Molecular Level Research Paper Virology 24 November 2008 Abstract Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection is widespread and causes significant disease in humans. The structure, epidemiology, pathogensis and immune response are examined in this review, as well as specific ways to reduce and eliminate pathology and related diseases. The virus naturally infects mucosal areas and begins the search for its target host cell. Upon binding to the hostRead MoreEffective Cold Sore Home Remedies1271 Words   |  6 Pagesafter other formal treatments have not fully solved the problem. These sores are such a nuisance they go for a season and come back a gain. This time, I thing we need more determined or robust home remedies for cold sores to deal with this. Cold sores, sometimes called fever blisters, are small blisters that come up around the mouth and nostrils. They usually appear toward the end of a cold. The virus that causes cold sores is known as herpes simplex virus. Most of us have natural immunity that enablesRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Cold Sores1517 Words   |  7 Pagesafter other formal treatments have not fully solved the problem. These sores are such a nuisance they go for a season and come back a gain. This time, I thing we need more determined or robust home remedies for cold sores to deal with this. Cold sores, sometimes called fever blisters, are small blisters that come up around the mouth and nostrils. They usually appear toward the end of a cold. The virus that causes cold sores is known as herpes simplex virus. Most of us have natural immunity that enablesRead MorePreparing for Marriage5621 Words   |  23 PagesMost STIs initially do not cause symptoms.[1] This results in a greater risk of passing the disease on to others.[2][3] Symptoms and signs of disease may include vaginal discharge, penile discharge, ulcers on or around the genitals, and pelvic pain. STIs acquired before or during birth may result in poor outcomes for the baby. Some STIs may cause problems with the ability to get pregnant.[1] More than 30 different bacteria, viruses, and parasites can cause STIs.[1] Bacterial STIs include chlamydiaRead MoreCotard s Syndrome : A Rare Delusionary Syndrome1228 Words   |  5 PagesDefinitions: Acyclovir is a medicine that is used in treatment of Herpes Simplex Virus. Capgras delusion characterized by how they see others. They believe that their spouse, parents, siblings are imposters or body snatched. DSM-5 is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ICD-10 is a coding and reference classification known as the International Classes of Diseases 10th publishing. Nilhistic: A belief that nothing exists. â€Æ' Cotards Symptoms Cortard’s is a rare syndrome where a personRead MoreIntroduction to Diseases10781 Words   |  44 Pagesis often construed to be a  medical condition  associated with specific  symptoms  and  signs that may be caused by external factors such as  infectious disease, or by internal dysfunctions, such as  autoimmune diseases. The differences between signs and symptoms are signs are what a doctor sees, they are the physical manifestation of injury, illness or disease and shows a definite indication of a specific disease, whereas symptoms are what a patient experiences and can be defined as one of the characters

Streams of Silver 7. Dagger and Staff Free Essays

string(48) " that she would not give up her life so easily\." Entreri stood on a hill a few miles outside the City of Sails, his campfire burning low behind him. Regis and friends had used this same spot for their last stop before they entered Luskan and, in fact, the assassin’s fire burned in the very same pit. This was no coincidence, though. We will write a custom essay sample on Streams of Silver 7. Dagger and Staff or any similar topic only for you Order Now Entreri had mimicked every move the halfling’s party had made since he had picked up their trail just south of the Spine of the World. He would move as they moved, shadowing their marches in an effort to better understand their actions. Now, unlike the party before him, Entreri’s eyes were not on the city wall, nor toward Luskan at all. Several campfires had sprung up in the night to the north, on the road back to Ten-Towns. It wasn’t the first time those lights had appeared behind him, and the assassin sensed he, too, was being followed. He had slowed his frantic pace, figuring that he could easily make up the ground while the companions went about their business in Luskan. He wanted to secure his own back from any danger before concentrating on snaring the halfling. Entreri had even left telltale signs of his passing, baiting his pursuers in closer. He kicked the embers of the fire low and climbed back into the saddle, deciding it better to meet a sword face to face than to take a dagger in the back. Into the night he rode, confident in the darkness. This was his time, where every shadow added to the advantage of one who lived in shadows. He tethered his mount before midnight, close enough to the campfires to finish the trek on foot. He realized now that this was a merchant caravan; not an uncommon thing on the road to Luskan at this time of year. But his sense of danger nagged at him. Many years of experience had honed his instinct for survival and he knew better than to ignore it. He crept in, seeking the easiest way into the circle of wagons. Merchants always lined many sentries around the perimeter of their camps, and even the pull-horses presented a problem, for the merchants kept them tied close beside their harnesses. Still, the assassin would not waste his ride. He had come this far and meant to find out the purpose of those who followed him. Slithering on his belly, he made his way to the perimeter and began circling the camp underneath the defensive ring. Too silently for even wary ears to hear, he passed two guards playing at bones. Then he went under and between the horses, the beasts lowering their ears in fear, but remaining quiet. Halfway around the circle, he was nearly convinced that this was an ordinary merchant caravan, and was just about to slip back into the night when he heard a familiar female voice. â€Å"Ye said ye saw a spot o’ light in the distance.† Entreri stopped, for he knew the speaker. â€Å"Yeah, over there,† a man replied. Entreri slipped up between the next two wagons and peeked over the side. The speakers stood a short distance from him, behind the next wagon, peering into the night in the direction of his camp. Both were dressed for battle, the woman wearing her sword comfortably. â€Å"I have underestimated you,† Entreri whispered to himself as he viewed Catti-brie. His jeweled dagger was already in his hand. â€Å"A mistake I shan’t repeat,† he added, then crouched low and searched for a path to his target. â€Å"Ye been good to me, for bringing me so fast,† Catti-brie said. â€Å"I’m owing to ye, as Regis and the others’ll be.† â€Å"Then tell me,† the man urged. â€Å"What causes such urgency?† Catti-brie struggled with the memories of the assassin. She hadn’t yet come to terms with her terror that day in the halfling’s house, and knew that she wouldn’t until she had avenged the deaths of the two dwarven friends and resolved her own humiliation. Her lips tightened and she did not reply. â€Å"As you wish,† the man conceded. â€Å"Your reasons justify the run, we do not doubt. If we seem to pry, it only shows our desire to help you however we may.† Catti-brie turned to him, a smile of sincere appreciation on her face. Enough had been said, and the two stood and stared at the empty horizon in silence. Silent, too, was the approach of death. Entreri slipped out from under the wagon and rose suddenly between them, one hand outstretched to each. He grasped Catti-brie’s neck tightly enough to prevent her scream, and he silenced the man forever with his blade. Looking across the breadth of Entreri’s shoulders, Catti-brie saw the horrific expression locked onto her companion’s face, but she couldn’t understand why he hadn’t cried out, for his mouth was not covered. Entreri shifted back a bit and she knew. Only the jeweled dagger’s hilt was visible, its crosspiece flat against the underside of the man’s chin. The slender blade had found the man’s brain before he ever realized the danger. Entreri used the weapon’s handle to guide his victim quietly to the ground, then jerked it free. Again the woman found herself paralyzed before the horror of Entreri. She felt that she should wrench away and shout out to the camp, even though he would surely kill her. Or draw her sword and at least try to fight back. But she watched helplessly as Entreri slipped her own dagger from her belt and, pulling her low with him, replaced it in the man’s fatal wound. Then he took her sword and pushed her down under the wagon and out beyond the camp’s perimeter. Why can’t I call out? she asked herself again and again, for the assassin, confident of the level of terror, didn’t even hold her as they slipped deeper into the night. He knew, and she had to admit to herself, that she would not give up her life so easily. You read "Streams of Silver 7. Dagger and Staff" in category "Essay examples" Finally, when they were a safe distance from the camp, he spun her around to face him – and the dagger. â€Å"Follow me?† he asked, laughing at her. â€Å"What could you hope to gain?† She did not answer, but found some of her strength returning. Entreri sensed it, too. â€Å"If you call out, I shall kill you,† he declared flatly. â€Å"And then, by my word, I shall return to the merchants and kill them all as well!† She believed him. â€Å"I often travel with the merchants,† she lied, holding the quiver in her voice. â€Å"It is one of the duties of my rank as a soldier of Ten-Towns.† Entreri laughed at her again. Then he looked into the distance, his features assuming an introspective tilt. â€Å"Perhaps this will play to my advantage,† he said rhetorically, the beginnings of a plan formulating in his mind. Catti-brie studied him, worried that he had found some way to turn her excursion into harm for her friends. â€Å"I’ll not kill you – not yet,† he said to her. â€Å"When we find the halfling, his friends will not defend him. Because of you.† â€Å"I’ll do nothing to aid ye!† Catti-brie spat.†Nothing!† â€Å"Precisely,† Entreri hissed. â€Å"You shall do nothing. Not with a blade at your neck – † he brought the weapon up to her throat in a morbid tease – â€Å"scratching at your smooth skin. When I am done with my business, brave girl, I shall move on, and you shall be left with your shame and your guilt. And your answers to the merchants who believe you murdered their companion!† In truth, Entreri didn’t believe for a moment that his simple trick with Catti-brie’s dagger would fool the merchants. It was merely a psychological weapon aimed at the young woman, designed to instill yet another doubt and worry into her jumble of emotions. Catti-brie did not reply to the assassin’s statements with any sign of emotion. No, she told herself, it won’t be like that! But deep inside, she wondered if her determination only masked her fear, her own belief that she would be held again by the horror of Entreri’s presence, and that the scene would unfold exactly as he had predicted. Jierdan found the campsite with little difficulty. Dendybar had used his magic to track the mysterious rider all the way from the mountains and had pointed the soldier in the right direction. Tensed and his sword drawn, Jierdan moved in. The place was deserted, but it had not been that way for long. Even from a few feet away, the soldier from Luskan could feel the dying warmth of the campfire. Crouching low to mask his silhouette against the line of the horizon, he crept toward a pack and blanket off to the side of the fire. * * * Entreri rode his mount back into camp slowly, expecting that what he had left might have drawn some visitors. Catti-brie sat in front of him, securely bound and gagged, though she fully believed, to her own disgust, that her own terror made the bonds unnecessary. The wary assassin realized that someone had entered the camp, before he had ever gotten near the place. He slid from his saddle, taking his prisoner with him. â€Å"A nervous steed,† he explained to Catti-brie, taking obvious pleasure in the grim warning as he tied her to the horse’s rear legs. â€Å"If you struggle, he will kick the life from you.† Then Entreri was gone, blending into the night as though he were an extension of its darkness. * * * Jierdan dropped the pack back to the ground, frustrated, for its contents were merely standard traveling gear and revealed nothing about the owner. The soldier was a veteran of many campaigns and had bested man and orc alike a hundred times, but he was nervous now, sensing something unusual, and deadly, about the rider. A man with the courage to ride alone on the brutal course from Icewind Dale to Luskan was no novice to the ways of battle. Jierdan was startled, then, but not too surprised, when the tip of a blade came to rest suddenly in the vulnerable hollow on the back of his neck, just below the base of his skull. He neither moved nor spoke, hoping that the rider would ask for some explanation before driving the weapon home. Entreri could see that his pack had been searched, but he recognised the furred uniform and knew that this man was no thief. â€Å"We are beyond the borders of your city,† he said, holding his knife steady. â€Å"What business have you in my camp, soldier of Luskan?† â€Å"I am Jierdan of the north gate,† he replied. â€Å"I have come to meet a rider from Icewind Dale.† â€Å"What rider?† â€Å"You.† Entreri was perplexed and uncomfortable with the soldier’s response. Who had sent this man, and how had he known where to look? The assassin’s first thoughts centered on Regis’s party. Perhaps the halfling had arranged for some help from the city guard. Entreri slipped his knife back info its sheath, certain that he could retrieve it in time to foil any attack. Jierdan understood the calm confidence of the act as well, and any thoughts that he might have had for striking at this man flew from him. â€Å"My master, desires your audience,† he said, thinking it wise to explain himself more completely. â€Å"A meeting to your mutual benefit.† â€Å"Your master?† asked Entreri. â€Å"A citizen of high standing,† Jierdan explained. â€Å"He has heard of your coming and believes that he may help with your quest.† â€Å"What does he know of my business?† Entreri snapped, angered that someone had dared to spy on him. But he was relieved, too, for the involvement of some other power structure within the city explained much, and possibly eliminated the logical assumption that the halfling was behind this meeting. Jierdan shrugged. â€Å"I am merely his courier. But I, too, can be of assistance to you. At the gate.† â€Å"Damn the gate,† Entreri snarled. â€Å"I’ll take the wall easily enough. It is a more direct route to the places I seek.† â€Å"Even so, I know of those places, and of the people who control them.† The knife leaped back out, cutting in and stopping just before Jierdan’s throat. â€Å"You know much, but you explain little. You play dangerous games, soldier of Luskan.† Jierdan didn’t blink. â€Å"Four heroes from Ten-Towns came into Luskan five days ago: a dwarf, a halfling, a barbarian, and a black elf.† Even Artemis Entreri couldn’t hide a hint of excitement at the confirmation of his suspicions, and Jierdan noted the signs. â€Å"Their exact location escapes me, but I know the area where they are hiding. Are you interested?† The knife returned again to its sheath. â€Å"Wait here,† Entreri instructed. â€Å"I have a companion who shall travel with us.† â€Å"My master said that you rode alone,† Jierdan queried. Entreri’s vile grin sent a shiver through the soldier’s spine. â€Å"I acquired her,† he explained. â€Å"She is mine and that is all that you ever need to know.† Jierdan didn’t press the point. His sigh of relief was audible when Entreri had disappeared from sight. Catti-brie rode to Luskan untied and ungagged, but Entreri’s hold upon her was no less binding. His warning to her when he had retrieved her in the field had been succinct and undeniable. â€Å"A foolish move,† he had said, â€Å"and you die. And you die with the knowledge that the dwarf, Bruenor, shall suffer for your insolence.† The assassin had told Jierdan no more about her, and the soldier didn’t ask, though the woman intrigued him more than a little. Dendybar would get the answers, Jierdan knew. They moved into the city later that morning, under the suspicious eye of the Daykeeper of the North Gate. It had cost Jierdan a week’s pay to bribe them through, and the soldier knew he would owe even more when he returned that night, for the original deal with the Daykeeper allowed the passage of one outsider; nothing had been said about the woman. But if Jierdan’s actions brought him Dendybar’s favor, then they would be well worth the price. According to the city code, the three gave up their horses at the stable just inside the wall, and Jierdan led Entreri and Catti-brie through the streets of the City of Sails, past the sleepy-eyed merchants and vendors who had been out since before dawn and into the very heart of the city. The assassin was not surprised an hour later when they came upon a long grove of thick pine trees. He had suspected that Jierdan was somehow connected to this place. They passed through a break in the line and stood before the tallest structure in the city, the Hosttower of the Arcane. â€Å"Who is your master?† Entreri asked bluntly. Jierdan chuckled, his nerve bolstered by the sight of Dendybar’s tower. â€Å"You shall meet him soon enough.† â€Å"I shall know now,† Entreri growled. â€Å"Or our meeting is ended. I am in the city, soldier, and I do not require your assistance any longer.† â€Å"I could have the guards expel you,† Jierdan shot back. â€Å"Or worse!† But Entreri had the last word. â€Å"They would never find the remains of your body,† he promised, the cold certainty of his tone draining the blood from Jierdan’s face. Catti-brie noted the exchange with more than a passing concern for the soldier, wondering if the time might soon come when she could exploit the untrusting nature of her captors to her own advantage. â€Å"I serve Dendybar the Mottled, Master of the North Spire,† Jierdan declared, drawing further strength from the mention of his powerful mentor’s name. Entreri had heard the name before. The Hosttower was a common topic of the whisperings all around Luskan and the surrounding countryside, and the name of Dendybar the Mottled came up often in conversation, describing the wizard as an ambitious power seeker in the tower, and hinting at a dark and sinister side of the man that allowed him to get what he wanted. He was dangerous, but potentially a powerful ally. Entreri was pleased. â€Å"Take me to him now,† he told Jierdan. â€Å"Let us discover if we have business or no.† Sydney was waiting to escort them from the entryroom of the Hosttower. Offering no introduction, and asking for none, she led them through the twisting passages and secret doors to the audience hall of Dendybar the Mottled. The wizard waited there in grand style, wearing his finest robes and with a fabulous luncheon set before him. â€Å"Greetings, rider,† Dendybar said after the necessary, yet uncomfortable, moments of silence when each of the parties sized up the other. â€Å"I am Dendybar the Mottled, as you are already aware. Will you and your lovely companion partake of my table?† His raspy voice grated on Catti-brie’s nerves, and though she hadn’t eaten since the supper the day before, she had no appetite for this man’s hospitality. Entreri shoved her forward. â€Å"Eat,† he commanded. She knew that Entreri was testing both her and the wizards. But it was time for her to test Entreri as well. â€Å"No,† she answered, looking him straight in the eye. His backhand knocked her to the floor. Jierdan and Sydney started reflexively, but seeing no help forthcoming from Dendybar, quickly stopped and settled back to watch. Catti-brie moved away from the killer and remained in a defensive crouch. Dendybar smiled at the assassin. â€Å"You have answered some of my questions about the girl,† he said with an amused smile. â€Å"What purpose does she serve?† â€Å"I have my reasons,† was all that Entreri replied. â€Å"Of course. And might I learn your name?† Entreri’s expression did not change. â€Å"You seek the four companions from Ten-Towns, I know,† Dendybar continued, having no desire to bandy the issue. â€Å"I seek them, as well, but for different reasons, I am sure.† â€Å"You know nothing of my reasons,† Entreri replied. â€Å"Nor do I care,† laughed the wizard. â€Å"We can help each other to our separate goals. That is all that interests me.† â€Å"I ask for no help.† Dendybar laughed again. â€Å"They are a mighty force, rider. You underestimate them.† â€Å"Perhaps,† replied Entreri. â€Å"But you have asked my purpose, yet have not offered your own. What business does the Hosttower have with travelers from Ten-Towns?† â€Å"Fairly asked,† answered Dendybar. â€Å"But I should wait until we have formalized an agreement before rendering an answer.† â€Å"Then I shan’t sleep well for worry,† Entreri spat. Again the wizard laughed. â€Å"You may change your mind before this is finished,† he said. â€Å"For now I offer a sign of good faith. The companions are in the city. Dockside. They were to stay in the Cutlass. Do you know it?† Entreri nodded, now very interested in the wizard’s words. â€Å"But we have lost them in the alleyways of the western city,† Dendybar explained, shooting a glare at Jierdan that made the soldier shift uneasily. â€Å"And what is the price of this information?† Entreri asked. â€Å"None,† replied the wizard. â€Å"Telling you helps my own cause. You will get what you want; what I desire will remain for me.† Entreri smiled, understanding that Dendybar intended to use him as a hound to sniff out the prey. â€Å"My apprentice will show you out,† Dendybar said, motioning to Sydney. Entreri turned to leave, pausing to meet the gaze of Jierdan. â€Å"Ware my path, soldier,† the assassin warned. â€Å"Vultures eat after the cat has feasted!† â€Å"When he has shown me to the drow, I’ll have his head,† Jierdan growled when they had gone. â€Å"You shall keep clear of that one,† Dendybar instructed. Jierdan looked at him, puzzled. â€Å"Surely you want him watched.† â€Å"Surely,† agreed Dendybar. â€Å"But by Sydney, not you. Keep your anger,† Dendybar said to him, noting the outraged scowl. â€Å"I preserve your life. Your pride is great, indeed, and you have earned the right. But this one is beyond your prowess, my friend. His blade would have you before you ever knew he was there.† Outside, Entreri led Catti-brie away from the Hosttower without a word, silently replaying and reviewing the meeting, for he knew that he had not seen the last of Dendybar and his cohorts. Catti-brie was glad of the silence, too, engulfed in her own contemplations. Why would a wizard of the Hosttower be looking for Bruenor and the others? Revenge for Akar Kessell, the mad wizard that her friends had helped defeat before the last winter? She looked back to the treelike structure, and to the killer at her side, amazed and horrified at the attention her friends had brought upon themselves. Then she looked into her own heart, reviving her spirit and her courage. Drizzt, Bruenor, Wulfgar, and Regis were going to need her help before this was all over. She must not fail them. How to cite Streams of Silver 7. Dagger and Staff, Essay examples

Probiotics free essay sample

Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food,† the age-old quote by Hippocrates, is certainly the tenet of today. With the growing interest in self-care and integrative medicine coupled with our health embracing baby boomer population, recognition of the link between diet and health has become increasingly strengthened. As a result, the market for functional foods, or foods that promote health beyond providing basic nutrition, is flourishing. Within, the functional foods movement is the small but rapidly expanding arena of probiotics live microbial food supplements that beneficially affect an individual by improving intestinal microbial balance. The consumers’ overwhelming interest in and demand for functional foods, including probiotics, make it imperative that health professionals stay abreast of the latest research findings and available products. The functional food market has been rapidly growing for the past years but the development of new products is still imperative due to the increasing demand for healthy, high quality foods associated to changes in consumers? life-style. Incorporation of probiotics into cereal-based products is therefore desirable since it can combine the healthy formulation of a cereal mixture, the added value of prebiotic ingredients, and the beneficial effects of the probiotic bacteria. Encapsulation techniques have been recently applied to protect probiotic cells from storage conditions in order to increase shelf-life of probiotic products and to overcome other technological hurdles such as the food production stresses. The aim of this research study was to develop process technology for a probiotic cereal bar by microencapsulating probiotics using the method of freeze drying and evaluating the viability of encapsulated probiotics in a cereal bar. A cereal mixture comprising of corn flakes, oat flakes, wheat bran were used to prepare cereal bar. The probiotic strains Lactobacillus casei (MTCC 1423), Lactobacillus acidophilus (NCDC 11), Lactobacillus plantarum (NCDC 414) and Bifidobacterium longum (F8) were microencapsulated using guar gum and xanthan gum as base materials for microencapsulation respectively. The microencapsulated probiotics were added to the cereal bar to a final concentration of 1010 CFU. g-1 of product. Viability above 108 CFU. g-1 was found in the formulated probiotic cereal bar after 3 weeks of storage. This study indicated that it is feasible to incorporate probiotic  bacteria into a cereal bar product, but further studies are required to determine the product shelf-life, viability during gastrointestinal passage and to assure probiotic functionality. RATIONALE OF STUDY The demand of functional food is increasing day by day due to constant health awareness and readily available information on usefulness of different diet and their direct link with health. The concept of functional foods includes foods or food ingredients that exert a beneficial effect on host health and/or reduce the risk of chronic disease beyond basic nutritional functions. Increasing awareness of consumer health and interest in functional foods to achieve a healthy lifestyle has resulted in the need for food products with versatile health-benefiting properties. Within, the functional foods movement is the small but rapidly expanding arena of probiotics – â€Å"live microbial food supplements that beneficially affect an individual by improving intestinal microbial balance. † Dairy foods, fermented and non-fermented, have played important roles in the diet of humans worldwide for thousands of years. Currently hundreds of probiotic dairy products are manufactured and consumed around the world; typical examples include pasteurized milk, ice-cream, fermented milks, cheeses and baby milk powder. Dairy products are the main food carriers for probiotic bacteria to human. Limitations of these products such as the presence of allergens, high lactose and cholesterol contents, and the requirement for cold storage facilities have created the need to look for new probiotic product lines based on non-dairy substrates. Furthermore, the increase in the consumer vegetarianism throughout the developed countries has generated an increasing demand for the vegetarian probiotic products, as well as the demand for new foods and tastes have initiated a trend in non-dairy probiotic product development. Several ranges of non-dairy probiotic products have been developed and marketed in the last two decades. The market available for non-dairy probiotic products include: fruits and vegetable, juices, non-dairy beverages, cereal based products, chocolate based products, meat†¦etc. Even though, the cereal nutritional quality, compared to milk and meat, is inferior because of their lower protein content, deficiency of certain essential amino acids (lysine), low starch availability, anti-nutrients substances (phytic acid, tannins and polyphenols) and the coarse nature of the grains, cereal grains are still considered as one of the most important food sources of protein, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals and fiber for large segments of people all over the world. Furthermore, cereal grains are good source of non-digestible carbohydrates that besides promoting several beneficial physiological effects can act as prebiotics that selectively stimulate the growth of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria in the colon. Considering the above mentioned facts cereal based probiotics may be potential substrates, where the healthy probiotic bacteria will make their way in the global market. Therefore, the non-dairy cereal based probiotic food products should fulfill the consumer’s expectancy and demands for the products that are pleasant and healthy. AIM AND OBJECTIVE The present study was undertaken to develop process technology for microencapsulation of probiotics and their incorporation in cereal bar. The specific objectives are as follows: * Physico- chemical analysis of raw material and finished product. * Evaluation of acid and bile tolerance of probiotic strains before and after incorporation in the cereal bar. * Microencapsulation of probiotics by freeze drying. * Formulation of cereal bar and incorporation of microencapsulated probiotics. Evaluation of sensory characteristics of the formulated cereal bar and viability study of microencapsulated and incorporated probiotics in cereal bar. Flow sheet for Preparation of Probiotic Cereal Bar Procurement of Raw Materials Corn (3-5mm) Oats (3-5mm) Wheat bran (0. 5mm) Jaggery (Melted at 50-60oC) Mix Uniformly Microencapsulation by Freeze Drying Add microencapsulated Probiotics (L. casei, L. plantarum, L. acidophilus, B. longum) Moulding Cool (20 – 250C) Packaging (Polythene Aluminum Laminates) The physico- chemical analysis of the raw materials and the formulated probiotic cereal bar were carried out. The results in case of, raw materials were in accordance with the standard values. In case of, formulated bar the results were compared with other nutritional bars in the market and indicated that the formulated cereal bar can be used as a supplement in diet with added health benefits of probiotics. Acid and bile tolerance studies for probiotics were carried out before as well as after microencapsulation as these are the foremost characteristics to be known for the strains to be regarded as probiotics and the results indicated that the strains were acid and bile tolerant. The probiotic strains were microencapsulated using the method of freeze drying in order to prevent the strains from exposure to heat and other stress conditions. Two base samples were prepared for microencapsulation; the first one comprising of guar gum, inulin and dextrin and the other comprising of xanthan gum, maltodextrin and sucrose. The microencapsulated probiotics were then incorporated in the cereal bar during its preparation. The viability studies of the prepared bar were carried out  for three weeks and the results revealed that probiotics were viable but CFU was decreasing with storage time. Figure-1 Freeze dried microencapsulated probiotic powder Sensory evaluation was done for both Probiotic cereal bars and results indicated that they were liked moderately; however, improvement was required in texture The recipe of the resulting product, i. e. , the probiotic cereal bar included prebiotic ingredients which are considered valuable for the subsequent incorporation of pro biotics. The delivery of beneficial bacteria with the selective growth stimulation by the prebiotic ingredients makes the cereal bar a synbiotic product, with better chances to promote probiotic effects (Steed et al. , 2008). Furthermore, it has been reported that synbiotic products are the most popular among consumers and therefore have higher market value (Annunziata amp; Vecchio, 2011; Bogue amp; Ryan, 2000). Figure- 2 Probiotic cereal bar CONCLUSION In conclusion, the present study showed that the incorporation of probiotics in cereal bars is a feasible procedure, albeit several technological hurdles. However, both physical parameters of cereal bars and probiotic viability during storage are yet to be enhanced. From an efficacy point of view, assays of GI digestion should be performed for each probiotic strain cereal bar, since the exposure to bile salts and acidic conditions in vitro is strain-specific and provides a more accurate evidence of probiotic viability expected after consumption – an important criterion to guarantee a probiotic health effect. Consequently, biological assays would be required to assess whether probiotic functionality is maintained after digestion using, for example, cell culture models to monitor probiotic adhesion or anti proliferative activity. In this way, a steady and consistent scientific ground may be attained in order to deliver a satisfactory product to the final consumer.